Shane Myers 3rd
English III Study Questions
1.)Helen wished that she had been swept away by the storm on the day of her birth because she knows she is the cause of the war, and feels guilty about it. This helps reveal the difference between Paris and Helen, because Paris is more concerned about Helen, when Helen is more worried about the people of Troy.
2.) Hektor told Andromache that if he refused to assist in the war against the Greeks he would be abandoning Troy and his duty, which was to help defend it.. Though, it is Hektor’s fate to die in the battle, which was the honorable way to die in the Trojan culture, due to his great skills as a warrior.
3.) Hektor indicates that he will both fight and perish on the battlefield, showing the ancient Trojan philosophy that fate, in the end, will decide our destiny. This shows that he is braver than Paris, who cowardly sulks as the Trojans fight out on the battlefield, due to his own actions.
4.) Achilleus feels like he is at least partly the guilty party because he was not there to help Patroklos fight. His guilt is not justified though, due to the fact that he was the one that sent him in to fight without him being there to help Patroklos. He also gave Patroklos his armor, and did not even consider the idea of him dying.
5.) Hera sends Iris to tell Achilleus to rise up and help protect Patroklos’ dead body from the Trojan army. Achilleus’ jealousy and anger makes him want to go back for revenge, and will eventually be the reason for his death.
1.) Both human and divine causation affect Hektor’s final fatal decision to stay outside the skaian gates. Achilleus’ deadly fury, as well as some help from the gods, broght down Hektor.
2.) Hektor’s portion of death is much heavier than Achilleus’ portion on Zeus’ golden scale due to the fact that Achilleus is only half-mortal; this shows he is worth more than a full-mortal like Hektor, which shows the Greek’s view of destiny as being controlled by the gods.
3.) Hektor’s dying wish is to not have his body be abused by Achilleus, and Achilleus’ refusal shows how pissed he really is, as well as a lack for a good reason. Achilleus at this point is now changed, because he is no longer fighting for honor, but instead for revenge.
4.) The act of dragging Hektor’s body around symbolizes two main things. One, it symbolizes Achilleus’ disrespect for Hektor, and even human life; two, it symbolizes Hektor’s mortality compared to Achilleus’ half-immortality. The killing of Hektor took place simply so Achilleus could gain revenge. 5.) The gods allow Achilleus to abuse Hektor’s corpse because not allowing him to do so would cause an imbalance amongst the gods. Achilleus later calms down and realizes the wrong he has done and arranges a temporary truce so that Hektor can be buried honorably.
6.) Achilleus is described as being very troubled and mournful because of the death of Patroklos. Achilleus even loses sleep due to the depression he experiences from Patroklos’ death. This reveals his emotional and half-mortal side.
7.) The urns on Zeus’ doorsill indicate the mortality of a person; life is on one side, and death is on the other. The urns also show a mix of a good and evil in human life.
8.) The conclusion shows divine pity when the gods conclude that Hektor must die due to his mortality; however, he may gain immortality if he has a proper funeral where his family and all of Troy can mourn him. The conclusion shows human pity when Achilleus allows Priam to have a proper funeral for his son Hektor’s body.
9.) The burial of Hektor was very important to the Trojans because he was such a great warrior; also, the funeral was symbolic of the defeat of the Trojans, as the mourned their defeat as well as the loss of their greatest warrior Hektor. The burial is also shows symbolism with the fire, which in this case represents both life and death.
10.) The human tragedy presented in the Iliad is that man is mortal and we will all perish, though the great tragedy is if we do not recognize how precious and short our lives are. The Illiad shows that man must recognize both his strengths, as well as his weaknesses, so that we can know what our limits are, and try not to go past those limits. However, nothing can change our fate, and these lessons are simply to help us live good lives while we are alive.
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